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 USAAF September 1945  USAAF c1946 |
Location Lat 35° 41' 6N Long 139° 45' 5E Tokyo is located in the Keihin Region in the Kantō Region of Honshū in Japan. Borders Tokyo Bay to the south. Tōkyō means "Eastern Capital" and is the capital of Japan. During 1943, Tokyo Metropolis was formed by the merger of the city of Tokyo, Tokyo Prefecture 東京府 plus the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Subprefecture. Today, Tokyo is comprised of twenty-three special wards including Chiyoda, Chūō, Minato, Shinjuku, Bunkyō, Taitō, Sumida, Kōtō, Shinagawa, Meguro, Ōta, Setagaya, Shibuya, Nakano, Suginami, Toshima, Kita, Arakawa, Itabashi, Nerima, Adachi, Katsushika and Edogawa. Wartime History Tokyo was an important urban city during the war, with many factories and industries including the Tokyo Arsenal, Nakajima Aircraft Factory at Musashino. On April 18, 1942 during the "Doolittle Raid" the city was first bombed by B-25B Mitchells. Although the raid caused little damage the psychological impact was profound. No further bombings materialized until late November 1944 when Tokyo was within range of B-29 Superfortress flying from the Mariana Islands. Tokyo's industrial targets were bombed and incendiary "fire bombing" targeted the largely wood and paper homes in the densely populated urban areas and light industry. On March 10, 1945 during the predawn hours, 279 B-29 dropped incendiaries over Tokyo destroying 15.8 square miles and about one-fourth of the city's buildings. In that single raid, 83,793 died and 40,918 wounded. This death total is the highest of any single day's action during the war and exceeded the deaths caused by the atomic bomb on Hiroshima. Starting in February 1945, U.S. Navy (USN) carrier aircraft fly missions over Tokyo. By April 1945 P-51D Mustangs from Iwo Jima fly missions. Japanese anti-aircraft and aircraft defended the city until the end of hostilities on August 15, 1945. American missions against Tokyo April 18, 1942–August 15, 1945 Tokyo Imperial Palace (Kyūjō) 1-1 Chiyoda, Chiyoda-ku 100-0001 Tokyo The Tokyo Imperial Palace (Kyūjō) includes the Kōkyo (Imperial Residence) During the night of May 25, 1945 most structures inside the grounds were destroyed during the fire bombing raid on Tokyo. On July 29, 1945 again targeted by B-29s with 2,000 pound bombs. Tokyo National Science Museum Museum with Zero fighter on display Yasukuni Jinja (Yasukuni Shrine) This is a shrine and museum of Japan's military history Yūshūkan (Yasukuni Museum) Military museum located at Yasukuni Tokyo Maritime Science Museum (Formally) H8K Emily flying boat on display Dai-Ichi Seimei Building (GHQ) General MacArthur's Headquarters in Tokyo known as Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP), but the location was most commonly known as GHQ (General Headquarters). Today part of the DN Tower 21 building and is designated a historical site. General MacArthur's Residence 1-10-5 Akasaka, Minato-ku Tel: 3-3224-5000 The house where MacArthur lived and often worked during the occupation is just behind the American Embassy. It's now the U.S. Ambassador's residence. From Tameike-sanno Station on the Ginza Line, walk 5 to 10 minutes southeast, across the Metropolitan Expressway. Omori POW Camp Located at Omori near Tokyo Tokyo POW Camp (Shinjuku) Located at Shinjuku Tokyo Area Airfields Tokyo was the basis of training and some aircraft manufacture during the war. As attacks on Japan began in 1945, the airfield were the core of home defense, and the region became known as a the Kanto Air Defense sector for fighters and special attack aircraft (Kamikazes) against American attacks. Haneda Airfield Prewar airfield used during the war, still in use today Kisarazu Airfield Wartime airfield Tachikawa Airfield Wartime airfield Showa Airfield Wartime airfield Narimasu Airfield Wartime airfield Toyooka Airfield (Sakato) Wartime airfield Contribute
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