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Location Laos borders Burma (Myanmar) to the west, Thailand to the south, Vietnam to the east and Yunnan Province in China to the north. Previously known as the Kingdom of Lan Xang. During 1893–1946 Laos was a French colony known as the French Protectorate of Laos and was part of French Indochina or Indo-China encompassing present day Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. During 1946 granted self-rule within the French Union. On October 22, 1953 became independent from France. On December 2, 1975 Laos became the Lao People's Democratic Republic under the Pathet Lao divided into eighteen provinces. Wartime History During the Pacific War, occupied by the Japanese Army until the spring of 1945. Postwar During 1946 granted self-rule within the French Union. Vientiane (Viang chan) Capital and largest city of Laos, located on the bank of the Mekong River near the border with Thailand. Also known as Viangchan or Wiangchan. During World War II, Viangchan was occupied with little resistance by the Japanese Army under the command of Sako Masanori. On March 9, 1945 French paratroopers arrived, and reoccupied the city on April 24, 1945. Luang Prabang Located in central Laos in Louangphabang Province. Savannakhet (Khanthabouli, Kaysone Phomvihane) Located in western Laos, capital of Savannakhet Province, previously known as Khanthabouli. Contribute
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