Kawasaki Type 95 Fighter / Ki-10 (Perry)
Technical Information

Background
The Kawasaki Type 95 Fighter / Ki-10 (Perry) was a biplane fighter aircraft designed and built by Kawasaki Kōkūki Kōgyō K.K. by lead engineer Takeo Doi. The aircraft was designed in response to a requirement for a new fighter aircraft and won the competition over the Nakajima Ki-11. In early 1935, the first prototypes were built and accepted by the Japanese Army Air Force (JAAF) as the Type 95 Fighter / Ki-10 (Perry).

Wartime History
The Kawasaki Type 95 Fighter / Ki-10 (Perry) was used by the Japanese Army Air Force (JAAF) in Manchukuo (Manchuria).

On September 21, 1937 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, seven Ki-10 from 1st Daitai, 16th Hiko Rentai escorted fourteen Ki-2 bombers over Taiyuan and engaged Chinese V-65C Corsairs and Curtiss Hawk IIs from with several shot down. During the air combat, Ki-10 pilot Zhang Xueliang was shot down by a Curtiss Hawk pilot Captain Chan Kee-Wong from 28th Pursuit Squadron, 5th Pursuit Group.

On April 30, 1938 due to an issue Ki-10 3046 accidentally force landed inside landed in what he believed was friendly territory but was actually inside the Far East of the Soviet Union (USSR). The intact plane was captured and shipped by rail road to Moscow for evaluation and flight testing until it crashed on September 10, 1938.

During the Battle of Khalkhin Gol / Nomonhan Incident undeclared border war the Ki-10 saw limited use with one lost in air combat and four damaged.

By 1939, this aircraft was largely obsolete and was superseded by the newer Nakajima Type 97 Fighter / Ki-27 (Nate). At the start of the Pacific War, the Ki-10 was regulated to training and secondary non-combat missions. During early 1942, briefly returned to service in China performing short range patrols and reconnaissance missions to support the Army.

Production
In early 1935, four prototypes were built and accepted by the Japanese Army Air Force (JAAF) as the Type 95 Fighter / Ki-10 (Perry). The first production version was the Ki-10-I with 300 built between December 1935 until October 1937. During May 1936, a Ki-10-II prototype was built by modifying a production aircraft with increased length. During production in October 1936, a Ki-10-I Kai prototype with only one built had engine and radiator modifications. The second production version was the Ki-10-II with 280 built between June 1937 until December 1938. During production in November 1937 a Ki-10-II Kai prototype with only two made was built with a Kawasaki Ha9-IIb engine and aerodynamic changes. A total of 588 were built.

Technical Details
Crew  One (Pilot)
Engine   1 × Kawasaki Ha9-IIa V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine, 634 kW with three bladed propeller
Wingspan  32' 10" / 10.02m
Length  23' 7" / 7.2m
Height  9' 10" / 3m
Maximum Speed  250 mph / 400 km/h at 9,800' / 3,000m
Armament  2 x 7.7mm Type 89 machine guns forward firing in the upper engine cowling synchronized to fire through the propeller.