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| Location Burma is located in Southeast Asia. Borders the Bay of Bengal to the southwest and Andaman Sea to the south. To the southwest and west borders Bangladesh and India. To the north borders China and east Laos and Thailand. Prewar and during World War II British Burma. Today known as Republic of the Union of Myanmar or simply Myanmar. The capital is Naypyidaw and its largest city is Yangon (Rangoon). Prewar After the Anglo-Burmese Wars in 1824–1885 when Britain established the colony of British Burma or simply Burma. On April 1, 1937, Burma became a separately administered colony of Great Britain under Ba Mau the first Prime Minister and Premier of Burma. Wartime History At the start of the Pacific War, the Allies wanted to hold Burma to allow a road for supplies to be built from India into China. During March 1942 the Japanese invaded Burma, forcing British and American forces to withdraw into India. During March 7-9, 1942 the Japanese occupied Rangoon and in May 1942 occupied Mandalay. On August 1, 1943 occupying Japan declared Burma independent as the State of Burma with a puppet government led by Ba Maw. In response nationalist leaders formed the Anti-Fascist Organization in August 1944 to ask Britain for support. The Japanese had ambitious engineering plans in Burma, using POW and local labor to complete their own rail Thai-Burma railroad. At the height of the war, the Japanese had 85,000 troops in Burma. By the end of the war, the majority had been killed in battle and died of disease and starvation. During early May 1945, Rangoon was liberated by the British Army and Indian Army. With Burma occupied by the Japanese, American aircraft were forced to fly over the Himalaya Mountains "The Hump" to reach China while engineers worked to construct the Burma Road, one of the world's greatest engineering projects completed in early 1945 that linked India to China by road. Burma (Myanmar, Republic of the Union of Myanmar) Rakhine State located on the west coast bordering Bangladesh includes Akyab Island. Shan State located at the northeast corner of Burma bordering China, Laos Thailand. Kachin State located in northern Burma bordering China to the north, state capital Myitkjina (Myitkyina). Kachin State located at the north of Burma, state capital is Myitkjina (Myitkyina). Naypyidaw Union Territory Naypyidaw (Nay Pyi Taw) capital of Myanmar built between 2002-2012 Yangon Region (Rangoon Region) Rangoon (Yangoon, Yangon) former national capital occupied by the Japanese 1942-1945. Mingaladon located in the northern portion of Rangoon. Insein located to the north of Rangoon. Sagaing Division Indaw landing zones White City, Blackpool and Broadway. Mandalay Region Mandalay located in central Burma. Meiktila located in central Burma. Bago Region Toungoo city north of Rangoon in the Bago Region. Pegu (Bago) city southeast of Burma. Ayeyarwady Region Bassien (Pathein) located near the Bassein River (Pathein River) a western branch of the Irrawaddy River. Contribute
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