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| Location The Republic of Korea (ROK) encompasses the southern half of the Korean Peninsula. Also known as South Korea. To the north is the 38th parallel and the militarized border with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) to the north. Japanese Occupation Following the Kangwha Island Incident of 1875, Japan dislodged the Chinese Qing Dynasty from the Korean Peninsula. After the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War, Japan issued the Eulsa Treaty in 1905 declaring the Korean peninsula as a Japanese protectorate. On August 22, 1910 the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty officially annexed the Korean Peninsula. During 1937, Governor-General, General Jirō Minami, banned Korean language, literature, and culture. Cities and towns were given Japanese names. By 1939, Koreans were required to use Japanese names as part of the Sōshi-kaimei policy. Pacific War During the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) and the Pacific War (1941-1945), Japanese utilized Korean laborers and natural resources for their war effort. In 1938, the Colonial Government established labor conscription. In total roughly 2.6 million Koreans labored for the Japanese and 723,000 worked for Japanese outside the Korean peninsula. During July-August 1945, American aircraft bombed targets on the Korean Peninsula and shipping offshore. In September 1945 after the official surrender of Japan, American forces occupied South Korea and advanced to the 38th Parallel meeting Soviet forces that had entered North Korea in late August 1945. Seoul 서울 capital of South Korea located on the Han River Incheon 인천 located on the western coast of Korea Pusan 부산 (Busan) port city located on the southeast corner of the Korea Masan South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. Jeju-do (Saishu Island) Located in the Korea Strait, between the Korean Peninsula and Japan. Contribute
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